Intee in le'eg ayaad ka taqaanaa magnets-ka ndFeB?

Qalabka magnetka joogtada ah inta badan waxaa ka mid ah AlNiCo (AlNiCo) nidaamka birta birta ah ee joogtada ah, jiilka kowaad ee SmCo5 magnet joogto ah (oo loo yaqaan 1: 5 samarium cobalt alloy), jiilka labaad Sm2Co17 (oo loo yaqaan 2:17 samarium cobalt alloy) magnet joogto ah, jiilka saddexaad ee naadir Alloy magnetka joogtada ah ee dhulka NdFeB (oo loo yaqaanno NdFeB alloy). Horumarinta sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada, waxqabadka NdFeB maadada magnetka joogtada ah waa la wanaajiyay waxaana la ballaariyay goobta codsiga. NdFeB-da la jeexjeexay oo leh badeecada tamarta magnetic sare (50 MGA ≈ 400kJ/m3), jujuub sare (28EH, 32EH) iyo heerkulka sare ee hawlgalka (240C) ayaa la soo saaray si warshadaysan. Maaddooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee birta ah ee NdFeB magnets joogto ah waa birta dhulka naadir Nd (Nd) 32%, element bir Fe (Fe) 64% iyo curiyaha aan birta ahayn B (B) 1% ( qadar yar oo dysprosium ah (Dy), terbium ( Tb), cobalt (Co), niobium (Nb), gallium (Ga), aluminium (Al), copper (Cu) iyo walxo kale). Nidaamka ternary ee NdFeB walxaha magnetka joogtada ah waxay ku saleysan yihiin isku dhafka Nd2Fe14B, ka kooban yahayna waa inuu la mid noqdaa xarunta Nd2Fe14B. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sifooyinka magnetic ee birlabku aad bay u hooseeyaan ama xitaa aan magnet ahayn marka saamiga Nd2Fe14B si buuxda loo qaybiyo. Kaliya marka maadada neodymium-ka iyo boron-ka ee magnet-ka dhabta ah ay ka badan tahay waxa ku jira neodymium iyo boron ku jira xarunta Nd2Fe14B, waxay heli kartaa hanti birlab ah oo joogto ah.

Sintering: Walxaha (formula) → dhalaalid → budada samaynta → cadaadis (samaynta hanuuninta) → sintering iyo gabowga → kormeerka hantida magnetic → farsamaynta farsamada → daahan dusha sare (electroplating)
Isku-xidhka: alaabta ceeriin → hagaajinta cabbirka walxaha → isku darka dhejiska → qaabaynta (cadaadis, extrusion, duritaan) → daawaynta rasaasta (cadaadis)

Waxaa jira saddex qaybood oo waaweyn: remanence Br (Induction Hadhaaga), unugga Gauss, ka dib markii goobta magnetic laga saaro gobolka saturation, cufnaanta magnetic haray, oo ka dhigan xoogga magnetic dibadda ee magnetka; xoogga qasabka ah Hc ​​(Ciidanka qasabka ah), unugga Oersteds, waa in la geliyo magnet-ka beddelka magnetic field, marka goobta birlabeedka la codsado uu kordho awood gaar ah, cufnaanta qulqulka magnetic ee magnetka ayaa noqon doonta mid sareeysa. Marka goobta birlabeedka ee la dabaqay uu kordho xoog gaar ah, magnetism-ka magnetka ayaa meesha ka baxaya, awoodda iska caabinta magnetic field waxaa loo yaqaan 'Coercive Force', taas oo u dhiganta cabbirka caabbinta demagnetization; Alaabta tamarta magnetic BHmax, unugga Gauss-Oersteds, waa tamarta goobta magnetic-ka ee laga dhaliyo mugga unug kasta, taas oo ah tiro jireed oo ah inta tamar ee magnetku kaydin karo.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee codsiga waa: mashiinka magnetka joogtada ah, koronto-dhaliyaha, MRI, kala-soocida magnetic, codka maqalka, nidaamka levitation magnetic, gudbinta magnetic, qaadista magnetic, qalabaynta, magnetization dareeraha, qalabka magnetic therapy, iwm. wax soo saarka baabuurta, mashiinada guud, warshadaha batroolka, warshadaha macluumaadka elektarooniga ah iyo farsamada casriga ah.

NdFeB waa qalabka magnetka joogtada ah ee ugu xooggan adduunka, wax soo saarka tamarta magnetic wuxuu toban jeer ka sarreeyaa ferrite-ka si ballaaran loo isticmaalo, iyo qiyaastii laba jeer ka sarreeya jiilka kowaad iyo labaad ee magnets dhulka naadirka ah (SmCo magnet joogto ah), oo loo yaqaan "boqorka magnetka joogtada ah". Beddelida agabka magnetka joogtada ah, mugga iyo miisaanka aaladda si aad ah ayaa loo dhimi karaa. Sababtoo ah kheyraadka badan ee neodymium, marka la barbar dhigo samarium-cobalt magnets joogtada ah, kobaltka qaaliga ah waxaa lagu beddelaa birta, taas oo ka dhigaysa badeecada qiimo badan.